Propuesta del curso optativo Protectores Bucales en el Deporte / Proposal of the optional course Mouth Guards in Sports

Introducción: La protección de las estructuras dentomaxilofaciales durante las actividades deportivas y el ejercicio físico se hace cada vez más necesaria, por lo que el Técnico Superior en Prótesis Estomatológica debe saber confeccionar protectores bucales y dominar el conocimiento en estos temas. Objetivo: Diseñar un curso optativo en primer año del Técnico Superior en Prótesis Estomatológica que contribuya a la formación de un profesional capaz de elaborar protectores bucales personalizados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con carácter descriptivo. Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico: (histórico-lógico, inductivo-deductivo, analítico-sintético, sistémico-estructural y la modelación) y empírico: (revisión documental, criterios de especialistas). Resultados: Se diseñó un curso optativo de 20 horas de duración, con carácter presencial y estructurado en tres temas. El curso optativo Protectores Bucales en el Deporte contribuye a potenciar actividades curriculares que tributen al desarrollo de una cultura para la protección bucodental. Conclusiones: El diseño del curso optativo se corresponde con las necesidades de aprendizaje de los Técnicos Superiores en Prótesis Estomatológica para confeccionar protectores bucales.

Introduction: The protection of the dentomaxillofacial structures during sports activities and physical exercise is increasingly necessary, so the Superior Technician in Stomatological Prosthesis must know how to make mouth guards, and develop knowledge on these topics. Objective: To design an optional course in the first year of the speciality Superior Technician in Stomatological Prosthesis that contributes to the training of a more qualified professional to make mouth guards. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was carried out. Theoretical methods: (historical-logical, inductive-deductive, analytical-synthetic, systemic-structural and modeling), and empirical methods: (documentary review, specialist criteria) were used. Results: An optional face-to-face and structured in three topics course of 20 hours was designed. The optional course Mouth Guards in Sports contributes to promoting curricular activities which support the development of a culture on oral protection. Conclusions: The design of the optional course corresponds to the learning needs of the Superior Technician in Stomatological Prosthesis to make mouth guards.

Laboratorio mecánico dental: norma técnica No. 24-2019 / Dental mechanical laboratory: technical standard No. 24-2019

Este documento tiene como objeto: "la regulación, autorización y control de los laboratorios mecánicos dentales, en concordancia con el Reglamento para la Regulación, Autorización, Acreditación y Control de Establecimientos de Atención para la Salud, Acuerdo Gubernativo 376-2007." Es de carácter obligatorio, por lo que se aplica tanto al sector público, privado, social o subsector de la seguridad social, en todo el territorio nacional. Contiene además, las definiciones de los conceptos relacionados al tema principal, además de la infraestructura que deberá tener cada clínica, incluidos el equipo y recurso humano y técnico.

Avaliação da estabilidade dimensional da silicona de condensação em diferentes tempos de vazamento em moldagens para prótese fixa / Evaluation of the dimensional stability of the condensation silico-ne in different leakage times in moldings for fixed prosthesis

Introdução: O envelhecimento da população aumenta a necessidade de reabilitação protética e o custo do atendimento odontológico. Para reabilitar com qualidade e baixo custo é necessário conhecer os materiais odontológicos desse processo, como os materiais de moldagem. O mais utilizado no Brasil é a silicona de condensação, que possui limitações. Porém, o fabricante modificou a fórmula com o intuito de melhorar a estabilidade dimensional. Objetivo: avaliar a estabilidade dimensional da silicona de condensação Speedex com a nova tecnologia DCP, em diferentes tempos de vazamento nas moldagens para prótese fixa. Material e métodos: Foi confeccionado um modelo padrão metálico com dois cilindros de mesmos diâmetros e mesma altura para simular uma prótese fixa. Foi elaborada uma moldeira metálica padronizada com retenções e guias de inserção. A partir dessa, outras quatro, em acrílico incolor, foram reproduzidas pelo alginato reversível. No total, foram realizadas 20 impressões, sendo 5 impressões por grupo. Os grupos foram vazados com o gesso tipo IV em diferentes tempos: grupo 1 (n=5): imediato; grupo 2 (n=5): 30 min; grupo 3 (n=5): 36h; grupo 4 (n=5): 72h. O modelo padrão e todos os modelos de gesso do grupo 1, 2, 3 e 4 foram medidos por dois pesquisadores de forma cega com auxílio de um paquímetro digital. Foram analisadas as distâncias externas e internas entre os pontos de referência dos cilindros. Os grupos foram comparados pelo teste t de Student, o nível de significância considerado foi p<0,05. Resultados: não se observou diferença estatística entre as medidas do pesquisador 1 e 2 (p>0,05). Não houveram diferenças entre os grupos 1 e 2 e 1 e 3; porém houve diferença significativa entre o 1 e 4. Conclusão: A silicona de condensação Speedex, não altera a estabilidade dimensional com o vazamento em até 36 horas.

Introduction: The aging of the population increases the need for prosthetic rehabilitation and the cost of dental care. To rehabilitate with quality and low cost is necessary to know the dental materials of this process, such as impression materials. The most used in Brazil is condensation silicon, which has limitations. However, the manufacturer modified the formula to improve dimensional stability. Objective: To evaluate the dimensional stability of Speedex condensation silicon with the new DCP technology at different casting times in fixed prosthesis moldings. Material and methods: A standard metal model with two cylinders of the same diameters and the same height was made to simulate a fixed prosthesis. A standard metal tray with drawers and insertion guides was developed. This metal tray was duplicated using reversible alginate. From this, four colorless acrylic trays were reproduced. In total, 20 impressions were made, with 5 impressions per group. The groups were cast with type IV gypsum at different times: group 1 (n=5): immediate; Group 2 (n=5): 30 min; group 3 (n=5): 36h; group 4 (n=5): 72h. The standard model and all gypsum models of groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were measured by two researchers blindly using a digital caliper. The external and internal distances between the reference points of the cylinders were analyzed. The groups were compared by Student's t test, the significance level considered was p<0.05. Results: no statistically significant difference was found between researcher 1 and 2 by (p<0.05). There were no differences between groups 1 and 2 and 1 and 3; however, there was a significant difference between 1 and 4. Conclusion: Speedex condensing silicone does not change dimensional stability with leakage within 36 hours. Key-words: Dental Impression Materials, Dental Prosthesis, Silicone Elastomers. Submetido: 14/06/2019Aceito: 16/08/2019 Rebeca Vidal Capelupi1,2,Viviam Salvato de Souza1,2,Marcelo Tarcísio Martins1,Júlio Marcos Gouvêa Chagas1,Rogério Teodoro de Aquino3,Thalyta dos Reis Furlani Zouain-Ferreira1,Fabiana Aparecida Mayrink de Oliveira1,21Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora, Curso de Odontologia ­ Juiz de Fora, MG. 2Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC) ­ FCMS/JF 2018.2 3Usinagem Mecânica Industrial, SENAI, Juiz de Fora, MG. Avaliação da estabilidade dimensional da silicona de condensação em diferentes tempos de vazamento em moldagens para prótese fixaEvaluation of the dimensional stability of the condensation silico-ne in different leakage times in moldings for fixed prosthesis * Fabiana de OliveiraAvenida Barão do Rio Branco, 1871/1105, CentroJuiz de Fora ­ MG CEP: 36013-020 8 fabsmay@hotmail.com

Osteotomia segmentar posterior da maxila para reabilitação protética: caso clínico / Posterior maxillary segmental osteotomy for prosthetic rehabilitation: clinical case

O edentulismo pode causar a extrusão do processo alveolar, especialmente em pacientes que não utilizam nenhum tipo de prótese no arco antagonista. Uma opção de tratamento bastante viável e rápida é a cirurgia de impacção do segmento dentoalveolar posterior por meio de osteotomia alveolar. O objetivo é descrever a técnica cirúrgica de impacção de bloco alveolar por meio de um relato de caso clínico. Paciente sexo feminino, 36 anos, faioderma procurou atendimento para reabilitação com prótese sobre implante. Ao exame, notou-se a ausência de diversas unidades dentárias, bem como extrusão do bloco alveolar superior do lado direito e mesialização dos dentes da região fechando o espaço dos pré-molares. Foi planejada a realização de cirurgia de impacção da região posterior de maxila do lado direito, a fim de criar espaço para reabilitação com implantes osseointegráveis e, consequentemente, permitir também abertura de espaço para colocação de um pré-molar no 1o quadrante. A cirurgia de osteotomia alveolar para impacção do bloco posterior de maxila é um procedimento cirúrgico comum da prática do cirurgião bucomaxilofacial, que permite restabelecer a distância entre os arcos, possibilitando, assim, a reabilitação protética... (AU)

Edentulism can result the extrusion of the alveolar process, especially in patients who do not use any type of prosthesis in the antagonist arch. A very feasible and rapid treatment option is the surgery of impaction of the posterior dentoalveolar segment by means of alveolar osteotomy. The objective is describe the surgical technique of alveolar block. Female patient, age 36, light-skinned black, sought dental care for oral. The examination revealed the absence of several dental units as well as extrusion of the upper alveolar block of the right side and mesialization of the teeth of the region closing the space of premolars. It was proposed the impaction surgery of the posterior maxillary region on the right side to create space for placement of osteointegrated implants and, consequently, when performing the block correction, it also allows opening of space for placement of a pre molar in the 1st quadrant. Alveolar osteotomy surgery for impaction of the posterior maxilla block is a common surgical procedure of the bucomaxillofacial surgeon practice that allows restoring the distance between the arches; thus enabling prosthetic rehabilitation... (AU)

Prevalência e notificações de acidentes de trabalho com exposição a material biológico na odontologia / Prevalence and notifications of occupational accidents with exposure to biological material in dentistry

Introdução Os acidentes de trabalho, principalmente os que envolvem exposição a material biológico, podemocorrer no dia-a-dia do cirurgião-dentista e dos auxiliares em saúde bucal, sendo um sério risco ocupacional.Conhecendo sua real magnitude, é possível que estes acidentes não estejam sendo devidamente registrados.Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência de comunicações de acidentes de trabalho típicos com exposição a materialbiológico na equipe de saúde bucal da Rede básica de saúde nos anos 2008 a 2009 na cidade de Natal-RN.Metodologia: Neste estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal foram utilizadas na coleta de dados as comunicaçõesde acidentes de trabalho, cadastradas no “Núcleo de Agravos Notificáveis da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde deNatal-RN” além de um questionário semiestruturado. Resultados: Dos 54 acidentes perfuro-cortantesregistrados, 70,37% (n=38) aconteceram em indivíduos do sexo feminino, 53,70% (n=29) em indivíduos comidades entre 20 e 30 anos, e a categoria que mais registrou acidentes foram os cirurgiões-dentistas (n=28;51,85%). As lesões percutâneas foram as mais prevalentes e o sangue foi o material biológico envolvido namaior parte destes acidentes. Os procedimentos clínicos relacionados a periodontia e cirurgia foram os maiscitados pelos profissionais e as agulhas com lúmen o instrumento mais relatado como causador dos acidentes.Para os auxiliares em saúde bucal a lavagem ou descarte inadequado de material esteve relacionada a 84,6%dos acidentes ocorridos. Dos profissionais acidentados, 66,66% apresentavam cobertura vacinal completa.Conclusões: Percebe-se subnotificação de acidentes, considerando-se que o número de profissionaisexistentes na cidade de Natal atuantes no período estudado é potencialmente maior que o número deacidentes registrados. Sugere-se sensibilização dos profissionais em relação à importância do registro deacidentes de trabalho, para controle dos acidentes ocupacionais e proteção à saúde do trabalhador

Introduction: Work accidents, especially those involving exposure to biological material, can occur in day-todayof dentists and oral health assistants, and its a serious occupational hazard. Knowing their real magnitude,it is possible that these accidents are not being properly registered. Objective: Know the prevalence ofaccidents notifications with exposure to biological material in the oral health team, in the primary care network inthe years 2008 to 2009 the city of Natal-RN. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional research, were usedin data collection the work accidents communications, registered in the “Núcleo de Agravos Notificáveis daSecretaria Municipal de Saúde de Natal-RN” plus a semi structured questionnaire.. Results: Of the 54accidents recorded needlestick injuries, 70.37% (n = 38) occurred with females, 53.70% (n = 29) aged between20 and 30 years, and the category that registered more accidents were the dentists (n = 28; 51.85%). Thepercutaneous injuries were the most prevalent and the blood biological material was involved in the majority ofthese accidents. The clinical procedures of periodontics and surgery were the most commonly mentioned byprofessionals and lumen needles were the most reported instrument as the cause of accidents. For oral healthassistants, washing or improper disposal of materials was related to 84.6% of accidents. About theprofessionals who have suffered accidents, 66.66% had complete vaccination coverage. Conclusions: It isnoticed there is underreporting of accidents, considering that the number of active professionals in Natal duringthe study period is potentially greater than the number of registered accidents, It is suggested the awareness ofprofessionals about the importance of registration of workplace accidents, for control of occupational accidentsand protection of worker's health

Occupational exposure and health problems among Polish denturists: a population-based study in Lódz province.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse the potential health effects of occupational exposure of denturists in the Lódz province. METHODS: The survey was performed among 103 denturists working in 24 dental laboratories in the Lódz province using the questionnaire prepared by the authors. RESULTS: The most common health problems associated with work (occurring daily or at least once a week) were: back pain (69.8%); chronic fatigue syndrome (61.6%); irritation, itching and rashes on the hands (51.2%); restlessness and aggression (43.0%); and watery and itchy eyes (41.9%). Psychosocial and ergonomic hazards associated with work organisation (72.2%) were the most common work environment factors related to the denturist profession. CONCLUSIONS: Analyses of denturists' occupational exposure in the Lódz province and epidemiological estimates of the health effects suggest the need for preventive measures.

Treatment needs and skill mix workforce requirements for prosthodontic care: a comparison of estimates using normative and sociodental approaches.

BACKGROUND: The traditional measure for assessing dental treatment needs and workforce requirements based solely on normative need (NN) has major shortcomings. The sociodental approach (SDA) to assess needs overcomes some of the shortcomings as it combines normative and subjective needs assessments and also incorporates behavioural propensity (Sheiham and Tsakos 2007). The objective of this study was to estimate and compare prosthodontic treatment needs and workforce requirements, using the normative and the sociodental approaches for different skill mix models. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 732 university employees aged 30-54 years. Normative prosthodontic need was assessed using the WHO (1997) method. The SDA includes NN and also considers oral impacts, measured through the OIDP index, and behavioural propensity. Estimates of prosthodontic need and dental workforce requirements using the two methods were compared using McNemar and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test respectively. The dental workforce required for prosthodontic treatment based on NN and SDA approaches were then compared using different workforce skill mix models. RESULTS: The proportion of subjects needing prosthodontic treatment was lower by more than 90% when the SDA was used compared to NN. The number of dentists required for prosthodontic treatment per 100,000 people were 98.8 using NN compared to 2.49 using SDA. Using a skill mix approach, the requirements for dentists per 100,000 people decreased slightly when more denture procedures were delegated to dental therapists. CONCLUSION: There were very much lower levels of prosthodontic treatment needs and workforce requirements when using the sociodental approach compared to normative methods.

Dental prosthetist experience with oral mucosal screening and referral.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate dental prosthetists' experiences with screening and referral for suspicious oral mucosal pathology. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Questionnaires regarding oral mucosal screening and referral were mailed to 300 randomly selected dental prosthetists in Australia for selfcompletion. Non-responders were sent replacement questionnaires up to three times, according to the Dillman method. RESULTS: A total of 179 prosthetists returned completed questionnaires resulting in a response rate of 64.9% after excluding 24 due to incorrectly listed addresses. Most participants reported that they checked all new patients for oral mucosal pathology (99.4%) and most reported that they checked all recall patients for mucosal pathology (86%). Most participants had detected a suspicious lesion (86%) and most had referred for a suspicious lesion (77.3%). CONCLUSION: Australian dental prosthetists appear motivated to perform oral mucosal screening and will refer suspicious oral mucosal pathology when detected.

Anemia falciforme: manifestações bucais e multidisciplinaridade - relato de caso clínico / Sickle cell disease: report of a clinical-surgery case

A anemia falciforme é uma hemoglobinopatia hereditária que afeta principalmente a população negra. Estes pacientes podem desenvolver anemia hemolítica crônica e, como consequência, várias anomalias bucais são observadas a nível de gengiva e dos ossos maxilares, resultando em má oclusão severa. A atenção odontológica ao paciente portador de anemia falciforme, muitas vezes negligenciada, pode ser realizada em ambulatório, em conjunto com a assistência médica hematológica. Ressalta-se a necessidade de se instituir atendimento odontológico preventivo a esses pacientes, para efetiva redução dos riscos de infecções. Neste artigo apresentamos o caso clínico de um paciente portador de anemia falciforme, que foi submetido a uma cirurgia pré-protética seguida de reabilitação oral.

Benefits of the simplified edentulous treatment (SET) method in communicating with the laboratory.

AIM: According to the literature, a high quality prosthetic rehabilitation consists of physical and psychological acceptance of the denture by the patient, an empathic relationship between the clinician and the patient and correct application of complete denture construction principles. To apply these principles correctly, it is important to establish excellent communication with the technician. Interactions between dentists and technical laboratories is typically characterised by minimal communication, which is considered to be the most significant problem for achieving a qualitatively elevated prosthetic manufacture. The aim of the simplified edentulous treatment (SET) method is to correctly transmit clinical data to the laboratory and maintain these data throughout the entire treatment period. METHODS: One hundred twenty-three completely edentulous, Caucasian patients (71 men and 52 women; medium age: 66 years; range 27 to 85 years) were recruited for this study. The inclusion criteria were total edentulism, both maxillary and mandibular, both in patients wearing and not wearing a complete denture. To complete the denture, the patients were entrusted to 65 teams of two students each, attending the fifth year of their degree course in dentistry and performing their first rehabilitation of an edentulous patient, under the supervision of six skilled tutors. The denture manufacturing was performed by 12 technical laboratories. RESULTS: In the rehabilitation of an edentulous patient, transmission of clinical data to the technical laboratory is effective and reliable. CONCLUSION: The data transfer block allows one to transfer all of the necessary information to the laboratory at one time.

Avaliação do planejamento de prótese parcial removível em modelos recebidos por laboratórios de João Pessoa, PB / Evaluation of the planning of removable partial denture in plaster models received from prosthodontc laboratorieis of the city of João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

Objetivo: Avaliar o planejamento e a qualidade dos modelos destinados à confecção de prótese parcial removível recebidos por três laboratórios comerciais situados na cidade de João Pessoa (PB) e que realizam a etapa da fundição em suas dependências. Método: Foram fotografados 40 modelos por laboratório, num total de 120 modelos de trabalho. A avaliação foi realizada através de dois questionários, um destinado ao técnico em prótese dentário, e outro, aplicado pelo pesquisador na avaliação visual dos modelos. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao programa SPSS versão 13.0. Resultados: 92 modelos (76,7%) não apresentaram planejamento. Além disso, nenhum apresentou referências de plano de inserção ou presença de pinos guias. O cálculo do Índice de Preparo de Boca (IPB) para a avaliação da distribuição dos nichos ou descansos, oclusais e de cíngulo mostrou que 86 modelos (71,7%) foram classificados como Pobre, 23 modelos (19,2%) como Boa e apenas 11 modelos (9,2%) como Aceitável. Na avaliação da presença de defeitos, em 102 modelos (85%) foi encontrado algum tipo de defeito. Conclusão: O clínico não está realizando o preparo de boca em seus pacientes, negligenciando o planejamento da prótese parcial removível, e deixando que o técnico em prótese dentária o faça. Além disso, a qualidade dos modelos enviados mostrou-se insatisfatória.

Objective: To evaluate the planning and quality of plaster models for fabrication of removable partial dentures received from three commercial prosthodontic laboratories located in the city of JoÆo Pessoa, PB, Brazil, which perform the casting procedures in their facilities. Methods: Forty 40 plaster models were photographed per laboratory, totalizing 120 models. The evaluation was performed using two questionnaires, one designed for the dental prosthesis technicians, and another applied by the investigator for the visual evaluation of the models. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 13.0. Results: Ninety-two (76.7%) models did not present planning. In addition, no model presented references of insertion plane or guide pins. Calculation of the mouth preparation index (MPI) to evaluate the distribution of the oclusal and cingulum abutments or rests showed that 86 (71.7%) models were classified as poor, 23 (19.2%) models as good and only 11 (9,.2%) models as acceptable. Defects were found in 102 (85%) models. Conclusion: The prosthodontists are not preparing the mouth of their patients, neglecting the planning of removable partial dentures, and passing this responsibility to the dental prosthesis technicians. In addition, the quality of the models sent to the laboratories was unsatisfactory.

Conhecimento, experiência e percepção do estudante de Odontologia acerca do técnico em higiene dental / Dental students' knowledge, experience and perception on the dental hygienist

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar o conhecimento, a experiência e a percepção dos estudantes de Odontologia acerca do técnico em higiene dental (THD). O método consiste em um estudo transversal, utilizando-se questionário auto-aplicável em uma amostra de estudantes de duas das três faculdades existentes no estado de Goiás, Brasil. As variáveis estudadas foram: características demográficas; ano cursado; conhecimentos a respeito da formação, atribuições, habilitação e regulamentação da profissão de THD; experiência acadêmica, e percepções (opiniões e intenções) em relação ao THD. A amostra final foi constituída de 387 estudantes (taxa de resposta = 79,1%). Obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: a maioria (79,3%) relatou que já havia ouvido falar acerca do THD. Foi identificada deficiência nos conhecimentos a respeito das atribuições, formação e regulamentação da profissão. A maior parte dos estudantes relatou que já teve conteúdos a respeito do THD em aulas teóricas na faculdade, porém nunca teve atuação prática com este profissional. As opiniões em relação ao THD foram positivas. O conhecimento geral, as informações acerca das atribuições e a importância dada ao THD aumentaram conforme o ano cursado (p < 0,05). As conclusões indicam que os estudantes apresentaram deficiências nos conhecimentos, pouca atuação prática, opiniões favoráveis e pouca intenção de trabalhar com o THD no futuro.

To identify knowledge, experience and perception of dental students regarding the dental hygienist (DH). A cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-applicable questionnaire in a sample of students from two of the three dental schools in State of Goiás, Brazil. Variables studied were demographic data; school grade; students' knowledge on the DH's qualification, attributions, legal aspects and regulation of the profession; their academic experience; and their perception (opinions and intent) towards the DH. The final sample was based on 387 students(response rate = 79.1%). The majority (79.3%) reported they had heard about the DH. However, there was a gap in their knowledge on the attributions, requirements and regulation of the profession.Regarding academic experience, most students reported they had learnt about the subject in lecture classes at the faculty, but had no practical experience with this kind of professional. Opinions about the DH were positive. General knowledge, information on the attributions and the importance given to the DH increased with school grade (p < 0.05). Students had deficiences in their knowledge, little practical experience, favorable opinions and little intent to work with the DH in the future.

Removable prosthodontic services, including implant-supported overdentures, provided by dentists and denturists.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the provision of removable prosthodontic services, including implant-supported overdentures, by dentists and denturists. A structured questionnaire was mailed to 474 randomly chosen dentists and 156 denturists registered to practise in New Zealand. Information was sought on the range of removable prosthodontic services provided (including implant-supported overdentures) and the professional fees charged for them. From 410 respondents, there was an overall response rate of 67.43%; 290 came from the dentists (males 78.6%, n = 228; females 21.48%, n = 62) and 120 from denturists (males 91.7%, n = 110; females 8.3%, n = 10). Most respondents were over 40 years of age, with one in three denturists (but only one in seven dentists) over 60 years of age. The extent of removable prosthodontic services varied. One-third of dentists referred complete denture patients and denturists referred a similar number of immediate denture cases. Denturists' complete denture, immediate denture and single reline prices were generally lower than those from dentists. Removable partial denture prices were similar. Implant-supported overdentures were recommended for edentulous patients by one-third of the dentists and three out of four denturists. Forty per cent of denturists (but only 10% of dentists) charged

[The registration of false teeth and the others].

The quality control of false teeth should include the control for designing and processing. The registration of false teeth should emphasize particularly on the qualification of the makers, technology management, quality control and the labeling.